Conjugations
All six tenses and their examples are shown below. Use the links above to jump to a tense. English translations use the meaning “to disrupt.”
Present Présent
Habits, current states, and actions happening now.
| Subject | French | English | Listen |
|---|---|---|---|
| je / j’ | perturbe | I disrupt | |
| tu | perturbes | you disrupt | |
| il / elle / on | perturbe | he / she / it disruptson: we disrupt / one disrupts | |
| nous | perturbons | we disrupt | |
| vous | perturbez | you disrupt | |
| ils / elles | perturbent | they disrupt |
IN A SENTENCEPresent example
Le chantier perturbe la circulation.
The construction work disrupts traffic.
Passé composé
Completed past events, using avoir or être plus a past participle.
| Subject | French | English | Listen |
|---|---|---|---|
| je / j’ | ai perturbé | I disrupted | |
| tu | as perturbé | you disrupted | |
| il / elle / on | a perturbé | he / she / it disruptedon: we disrupted / one disrupted | |
| nous | avons perturbé | we disrupted | |
| vous | avez perturbé | you disrupted | |
| ils / elles | ont perturbé | they disrupted |
IN A SENTENCEPassé composé example
Hier, le chantier a perturbé la circulation.
Yesterday, the construction work disrupted traffic.
The passé composé uses avoir. The table shows the unmarked participle; agreement with a preceding direct object is outside this reference.
Back to tense navigation ↑Imperfect Imparfait
Past habits, descriptions, and actions in progress.
| Subject | French | English | Listen |
|---|---|---|---|
| je / j’ | perturbais | I used to disrupt | |
| tu | perturbais | you used to disrupt | |
| il / elle / on | perturbait | he / she / it used to disrupton: we used to disrupt / one used to disrupt | |
| nous | perturbions | we used to disrupt | |
| vous | perturbiez | you used to disrupt | |
| ils / elles | perturbaient | they used to disrupt |
IN A SENTENCEImperfect example
Autrefois, le chantier perturbait la circulation.
Back then, the construction work used to disrupt traffic.
Future Futur simple
Future events and predictions.
| Subject | French | English | Listen |
|---|---|---|---|
| je / j’ | perturberai | I will disrupt | |
| tu | perturberas | you will disrupt | |
| il / elle / on | perturbera | he / she / it will disrupton: we will disrupt / one will disrupt | |
| nous | perturberons | we will disrupt | |
| vous | perturberez | you will disrupt | |
| ils / elles | perturberont | they will disrupt |
IN A SENTENCEFuture example
Plus tard, le chantier perturbera la circulation.
Later, the construction work will disrupt traffic.
Conditional Conditionnel présent
Hypothetical events and polite requests.
| Subject | French | English | Listen |
|---|---|---|---|
| je / j’ | perturberais | I would disrupt | |
| tu | perturberais | you would disrupt | |
| il / elle / on | perturberait | he / she / it would disrupton: we would disrupt / one would disrupt | |
| nous | perturberions | we would disrupt | |
| vous | perturberiez | you would disrupt | |
| ils / elles | perturberaient | they would disrupt |
IN A SENTENCEConditional example
Le chantier perturberait la circulation.
The construction work would disrupt traffic.
Present subjunctive Subjonctif présent
Dependent clauses expressing wishes, necessity, doubt, and certain feelings.
| Subject | French | English | Listen |
|---|---|---|---|
| je / j’ | perturbe | (that) I disrupt | |
| tu | perturbes | (that) you disrupt | |
| il / elle / on | perturbe | (that) he / she / it disruptson: (that) we disrupt / one disrupts | |
| nous | perturbions | (that) we disrupt | |
| vous | perturbiez | (that) you disrupt | |
| ils / elles | perturbent | (that) they disrupt |
IN A SENTENCEPresent subjunctive example
Il est possible que le chantier perturbe la circulation.
It is possible that the construction work disrupts traffic.
French forms omit the subject. Use j’ before a vowel sound. Vous is polite singular or plural “you”; on often means “we,” or the general “one.” English wording depends on the context: passé composé can also use “have,” and the imperfect can describe an ongoing action. Subjunctive translations here follow “it is possible that.”
Meaning & usage
- to disrupt, to disturb
- to throw off, to fluster
English glosses are a starting point. The meaning of a verb can change with context, a preposition, or se. Read the full dictionary entry ↗
Meanings and simple conjugation forms adapted from English Wiktionary contributors via Kaikki.org / Wiktextract. Passé composé forms combine the source auxiliary and past participle. Frequency scores from wordfreq 3.1.1 by Robyn Speer and contributors. Adapted data is available under CC BY-SA 4.0. Entry source · Sources, download & limitations